ss utility - another utility to investigate sockets

ss utility

Tool

發佈日期: 2021-09-11

更新日期: 2024-08-05

文章字數: 598

閱讀時間: 3 分

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介紹一款簡單易用的 TCP, UDP, Socket 連線檢查工具 - ss utility

netstat 指令已經淘汰了，現在大多用 ss 的指令取代 use netstat, ifconfig, ndp, arp, route 等網路指令，這邊簡單介紹安裝與操作

ss utility 運行畫面

Install

CentOS

sudo yum install iproute iproute-doc

ubuntu

sudo apt-get install iproute2 iproute2-do

macOS

因為官方沒有支援，所以這邊用非官方的版本 https://github.com/brona/iproute2mac

macOS Big Sur 11.0.1 之後的版本才可以安裝與使用

# Option 1. install from Homebrew
brew install iproute2mac

# Option 1. Manual install
curl --remote-name -L https://github.com/brona/iproute2mac/raw/master/src/ip.py
chmod +x ip.py
mv ip.py /usr/local/bin/ip

這邊稍微注意指令換成 ip, 而且參數也不太相同，用了一陣子後還是暫時擱著了．

Usage Examples

這邊介紹幾個常用的範例，使用時可以搭配這邊準備的範例應用程序:

列出當前所有連線
```
ss
```
列出所有與 TCP 協議有關連線的資訊
```
ss -t -a
```
列出所有與 UDP 協議有關連線的資訊
```
ss -u -a
```
列出所有連線相關的處理程序識別號(PID)
```
ss -p
```
列出所有連線相關的統計資訊
```
ss -s
```

Options

參考 ss(8) - Linux man page

也可以透過 MAN 指令查詢:

man ss

-h, –help
Show summary of options.
-V, –version
Output version information.
-n, –numeric
Do now try to resolve service names.
-r, –resolve
Try to resolve numeric address/ports.
-a, –all
Display all sockets.
-l, –listening
Display listening sockets.
-o, –options
Show timer information.
-e, –extended
Show detailed socket information
-m, –memory
Show socket memory usage.
-p, –processes
Show process using socket.
-i, –info
Show internal TCP information.
-s, –summary
Print summary statistics. This option does not parse socket lists obtaining summary from various sources. It is useful when amount of sockets is so huge that parsing /proc/net/tcp is painful.
-4, –ipv4
Display only IP version 4 sockets (alias for -f inet).
-6, –ipv6
Display only IP version 6 sockets (alias for -f inet6).
-0, –packet
Display PACKET sockets.
-t, –tcp
Display only TCP sockets.
-u, –udp
Display only UDP sockets.
-d, –dccp
Display only DCCP sockets.
-w, –raw
Display only RAW sockets.
-x, –unix
Display only Unix domain sockets.
-f FAMILY, –family=FAMILY
Display sockets of type FAMILY. Currently the following families are supported: unix, inet, inet6, link, netlink.
-A QUERY, –query=QUERY, –socket=QUERY
List of socket tables to dump, separated by commas. The following identifiers are understood: all, inet, tcp, udp, raw, unix, packet, netlink, unix_dgram, unix_stream, packet_raw, packet_dgram.
-D FILE, –diag=FILE
Do not display anything, just dump raw information about TCP sockets to FILE after applying filters. If FILE is - stdout is used.
-F FILE, –filter=FILE
Read filter information from FILE. Each line of FILE is interpreted like single command line option. If FILE is - stdin is used.
FILTER := [ state TCP-STATE ] [ EXPRESSION ]
Please take a look at the official documentation (Debian package iproute-doc) for details regarding filters.